| scaling deep |
The process through which durable change has been achieved through a shift in people's hearts and minds, their values and practices, are transformed. (Grinspun et al., 2018a; Grinspun & Bajnok, 2018; Riddell & Moore, 2015)
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Achieving durable change through shifts in people’s values, beliefs and norms
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| scaling out |
A deliberate effort to broaden the delivery of the change. Scale-out is an extension of scale-up and uniquely refers to the rollout of the change being delivered to new populations and/or through new delivery systems that differed from the previous settings. (Aaron et al., 2017; Grinspun & Bajnok, 2018)
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Expanding change to new populations and/or through new delivery systems
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| scaling up |
The process through which new working methods developed in one setting are adopted, with appropriate modifications as needed, in other organizational contexts. (Grinspun & Bajnok, 2018; Moore et al., 2015)
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Adopting a change in a different context
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| shared concern |
A cause, issue, grievance, or other matter that brings together and unifies individuals, groups, and/or organizations who believe that it is important and needs to be addressed. (Bate et al., 2004a; Waring et al., 2017)
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A cause that brings people together for change
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| social cohesion |
The social ties and shared trust that acts as the ‘glue’ that holds people together and is essential for the development of a collective identity. (Diani and Bison, 2004; Norton et al., 2002; Sampson, 2003)
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Factors such as trust and social ties that hold people together
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| spread |
The process through which new working methods developed in one setting are adopted, perhaps with appropriate modifications, in other organizational contexts. (Grinspun & Bajnok, 2018; Lennox et al., 2018)
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Process of adopting a change in a different context; scaling up
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| staff involvement |
The individuals who are responsible for implementing an initiative across multiple stages of planning, design, delivery and maintenance, valuing their input and taking feedback on board. (Lennox et al., 2018)
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The individuals responsible for implementing the change
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| stakeholder |
An individual, group, or organization that has a vested interest in the decisions and actions of organizations and may attempt to influence decisions and actions. They include those who will be directly or indirectly affected by the change or solution to the problem. (Baker et al., 1999)
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An individual, group, or organization that has a vested interest in the decisions and actions of organizations and may attempt to influence decisions and actions. (Baker et al., 1999)
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| sustainability |
When a newly implemented process continues to improve over time, becomes ‘the way things are done around here,’ and certainly does not return to the ‘old’ processes that existed before the improvement project begins. (NHS Institute of Innovation and Improvement, 2007)
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When a newly implemented process continues over time
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