The RNAO Research Unit (RRU) is dedicated to advancing the science and practice of nursing through rigorous research and strategic collaboration.  RRU members focus on the evaluation of evidence-based nursing practice, implementation science, and the measurement of health and system outcomes.  With a strong foundational multidisciplinary expertise and global representation, the unit is dedicated to fostering innovation and research-capacity building. 

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Objectives

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BPG development
To evaluate innovative methodologies for the development of RNAO's Best Practice Guidelines (BPG).

Example: Weaving Indigenous wise practices together with expertise on guideline development, implementation and evaluation to ensure culturally-safe practices for Indigenous partners.

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BPG implementation
To evaluate BPG context indicators and implementation strategies through RNAO’s collaboratory projects and other initiatives.

Example: Evaluate context indicators (for example, leadership) and their impact on the uptake and sustainability of BPG recommendations.

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BPG evaluation
To evaluate the impact of implementing BPGs in Best Practice Spotlight Organizations (BPSO) on patients, organizations and health system outcomes.

Example: Evaluate the impact of specific BPG clinical recommendations on outcomes (for example, rate of falls, percentage of falls resulting in injury, percentage of persons whose pressure injury worsened).

RNAO Research Team

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Dr. Doris Grinspun

Dr.  Doris Grinspun

RN, BScN, MSN, PhD, LLD(hon), Dr(hc), DHC, DHC, FAAN, FCAN, O.ONT.
CEO
Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario (RNAO)

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Shanoja Naik

Dr.  Shanoja Naik

PhD, MPhil, MStat, MSc(Math), BEd
Director of Monitoring, Evaluation and Research
Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario (RNAO)

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Alexa Parousis

Alexa Parousis

RN, BScN, MSc
Research Associate
Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario (RNAO)

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Niek Klazinga

Dr.  Niek Klazinga

Professor
University Medical Center - University of Amsterdam

Dr. Niek Klazinga is a professor of social medicine at the University Medical Center/University of Amsterdam. He leads a World Health Organization (WHO) collaborating research centre for quality and equity in primary health-care.  His research focuses on quality of care and health system performance and he is involved in policy debates and numerous research projects on the subject; he has co-authored around 300 articles in peer-reviewed journals and has supervised 43 PhD candidates. Additional present commitments include being an advisor to the RNAO research unit, WHO, the European Union the World Bank, and the Canadian Institute for Health Information.

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Nancy Santesso

Dr.  Nancy Santesso

Associate Professor, Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact
McMaster University

Dr. Nancy Santesso is an associate professor at McMaster University and deputy director of Cochrane Canada. Dr. Santesso’s research interests are in methods of developing systematic reviews and guidelines, and in their use by key stakeholders, such as patients and the public. She conducts primary qualitative and quantitative research in this area, and has been involved with the GRADE working group and pursued the connection between systematic reviews and guideline development. She provides guideline development expertise to organizations such as Osteoporosis Canada, the American Society of Hematology, and RNAO.

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Dr. Janet Squires

Dr.  Janet Squires

Professor
University of Ottawa School of Nursing

Dr. Janet Squires is a nursing professor at the University of Ottawa. Dr. Squires current research is centered on the design, implementation, and evaluation of theory-informed interventions to increase the uptake of research and research-based behaviours in health care professionals as a strategy to contribute to improving patient and system outcomes. She is currently involved in several nationally funded projects examining the role of context in knowledge translation and developing and testing interventions for health care professionals.

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John Lavis

Dr.  John Lavis

Director

RNAO Research Unit integrated model

The RNAO Research Unit uses a collaborative approach to optimize knowledge synthesis, health outcomes research, and methodological advancements within the areas of guideline development, implementation, and evaluation. 

Our integrated model enhances organizational research capacity and strengthens RNAO’s Best Practice Guidelines (BPG) Program by introducing knowledge facilitation strategies and innovations.

See the full model

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RNAO Research Unit Model

 

Current research projects

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Comprehensive plan to identify nurse-sensitive indicators in home care services

This research will engage researchers, content experts, and end-users to advance methodologies and guideline-based indicators in home health care.  This research aims to drive  excellence in home care services through the development of evidence-based indicators for continuous performance and quality evaluation, and positive health system transformation. 

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Research on implementing digital clinical pathways:
This research will evaluate the implementation outcomes of evidence-based clinical pathways in a variety of long-term care homes across Ontario focused on three topics: person-and family-centered care (PFCC), assessment and management of pain, and preventing falls and reducing injury from falls.

RNAO Clinical Pathways

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Artificial intelligence and machine learning:
RNAO has launched this initiative to assess data collected from BPSOs and to predict patterns in implementation of BPG and related outcomes across organizations, health sectors and regions/countries.

Read our article in RNJ

Evidence Boosters

RNAO's Evidence Boosters are two-page infographics that demonstrate the impact of BPG implementation on clinical and organizational outcomes. Below are links to our most recent evidence boosters. We will update this page when new evidence boosters become available.

May 11, 2026

This Evidence Booster revisits the sustained implementation of RNAO’s Assessment and Management of Foot Ulcers for People with Diabetes (2013) best practice guideline across one of Canada’s largest providers of home care and specialized community services in Ottawa, Ontario.

CBI Home Health sustained consistent assessment and documentation of bilateral lower extremities for persons with diabetes and foot ulceration, as well as an increase in the percentage of persons who were prescribed an offloading device.

April 21, 2026

This Evidence Booster examines the impact of implementing RNAO’s Oral Health: Supporting Adults Who Require Assistance (2020) best practice guideline in a long-term care home in Thunder Bay, Ontario.

Jan. 5, 2026

This Evidence Booster examines the impact of implementing RNAO's Assessment and Management of Pain (2013) best practice guideline (BPG) in a long-term care home in Geraldton, Ontario. John Owen Evans Residence reduced the percentage of residents whose pain worsened and maintained consistent rates of residents who screened positive for pain, with a documented care plan for acute or chronic pain management.

Publications