Addressing Anti-Black Racism in Nursing
Purpose and scope
The purpose of this healthy work environment guideline is to address anti-Black racism in nursing and improve inclusivity and retention of Black nurses and Black nursing students in health and social service organizations and academic institutions. This BPG highlights the harmful history of marginalization and discrimination experienced by Black nurses and Black nursing students, illuminating the impact of systemic racism in the nursing profession. Advocacy and collaboration focused on eradicating anti-Black racism and racism more broadly are essential to achieving equity and transformative change in nursing.
This best practice guideline provides evidence-based recommendations and good practice statements for all nurses and nursing students across all domains of nursing practice (including clinical care, administration, education, policy and research). Within this broader context, this guideline provides specific focus on the experiences and needs of Black nurses and Black nursing students across all designations, practicing in all settings and sectors. These include, but are not limited to, public health, primary care, home and community care, mental health, acute care, long-term care and educational settings. While the primary aim of this guideline is to eliminate anti-Black racism in nursing, the recommendations and good practice statements may be applied more broadly to address racism and discrimination experienced by all racialized health and social service providers.
Registered Nurses’ Association of Ontario (RNAO). Addressing anti-Black racism in nursing. Toronto (ON): RNAO; 2026.
Recommendations
Do you want to learn about and implement the most- up-to-date evidence-based recommendations on this topic with your colleagues? Download and share the full best practice guideline (BPG), Addressing Anti-Black Racism in Nursing.
See below for a snapshot of the recommendations from this BPG. We strongly suggest you review the full BPG before implementing the recommendations and good practice statements. The BPG also includes further resources to support implementation and evaluation.
Good Practice Statement 1.0: It is good practice for all health and social service organizations and academic institutions to provide ongoing education to students, faculty and staff to address anti-Black racism in nursing.
Recommendation 1.0: The expert panel suggests that health and social service organizations and academic institutions provide interactive education that includes and/or promotes dialogue and engagement and/or reflection to address anti-Black racism in nursing.
Recommendation 1.1: The expert panel suggests that health and social service organizations and academic institutions provide education programs led by experienced facilitators who foster authentic dialogue grounded in safety when addressing topics on anti-Black racism in nursing. Education programs may include:
- small and large group discussions
- critical self-reflection and self-sharing activities
- activities that challenge personal bias
Good practice statement 2.0: It is good practice for executive leaders and managers to develop, implement and evaluate zerotolerance policies regarding anti-Black racism in nursing.
Good practice statement 3.0: It is good practice for health and social service organizations and academic institutions to continually recognize the historical and contemporary contributions of Black nurses and other Black health professionals, particularly during Black History Month, African Heritage Month, and Caribbean Heritage Month.
Good practice statement 4.0: It is good practice for health and social service organizations and academic institutions to actively promote the retention, recruitment and career advancement of Black nurses and Black nursing students to increase representation of Black nurse leaders at all levels and in all sectors and settings.
Recommendation 2.0: The expert panel suggests that health and social service organizations and academic institutions establish formal mentorship programs to address anti-Black racism in nursing.
Recommendation 2.1: The expert panel suggests that health and social service organizations and academic institutions provide formal mentorship programs for Black nurses and Black nursing students and include the following:
- mentor-mentee dyads that emphasize positive empathetic relationships
- career progression and advancement strategies
- communication of expectations and goals
Recommendation 2.2: The expert panel suggests that health and social service organizations and academic institutions provide formal mentorship programs for Black nurses and Black nursing students to address discrimination and racism and include one or both of the following:
- racially concordant mentors
- non-racially concordant mentors practicing cultural humility
Good practice statement 5.0: It is good practice for executive leaders to establish anti-racism, diversity, equity, inclusion and belonging committees that include Black nurse leaders or Black representation from all levels of the health or social service organizations or academic institutions (e.g., HR, staff, alumni and executive leadership).
Disclaimer: These guidelines are not binding for nurses, other health providers or the organizations that employ them. The use of these guidelines should be flexible and based on individual needs and local circumstances. They constitute neither a liability nor discharge from liability. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the contents at the time of publication, neither the authors nor the Registered Nurses’ Association of Ontario (RNAO) gives any guarantee as to the accuracy of the information contained in them or accepts any liability with respect to loss, damage, injury or expense arising from any such errors or omission in the contents of this work.
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Revision status
Current edition published: Feb 2026
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